tochopherols and phenolic contents, anticancer and antioxidant activities. Moringa oil showed a better overall quality, its acid,

peroxide, iodine, saponification values were 0.02 mg KOH/g oil, 0.01 meq O2/kg oil, 67 I2 g/100 g oil and 177 mg KOH/g.

The unsaponifiable of Moringa was found to contain high amounts of hydrocarbon fraction C12 to C32 and phytoesterol fractions

were found rich in campesteol, clerosterol and  sitosterol compounds. The major fatty acids were identified as oleic (C18:1 9, 65.36%)

and linoleic (C18:3 6, 15.32%).

Tocopherols and phenolic in oil accounted for 20.35 and 48.31 mg/100 g. Moringa oil showed high growth inhibition against

three human cancer cell lines, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and colon carcinoma

(HCT-116) (In vitro), with IC50 values of 2.92, 9.40 and 9.48 µg/ml, respectively. The Moringa showed remarkable antioxidant activity,

compared with that of commonly used antioxidants (-tocopherol, BHT and BHA) as determined by five antioxidant assays

includes, free radical scavenging of DPPH, ABTS, .OH, anion-scavenging capability and reducing power. These results strongly

suggested its potential use Moringa as non-conventional seed crop for high quality oil and as candidate in the area of natural

anticancer and antioxidant compounds.

Use of Moringa stenopetala leaves extract as plant bioregulators
Effect of irrigation bread wheat plants with sea water (10 and 20% v/v), spraying with Moringa stenopetala leaves extract (5 gL-1 dry weight)

cultivated under normal and stress conditions were studied. Plant bioregulators (Oxalic acid at 200 ppm) at the vegetative growth

stage on photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant components, activity of some antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation products, growth

parameters, mineral content and economic yield were estimated. Irrigation of wheat plants with sea water led to an increase in Na+ ion,

activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and total peroxidase and TBARs components. In contrast,

the contents of photosynthetic pigments and yield components were reduced. Furthermore, the overall growth of wheat plants was

interrupted by irrigation with sea water (10 and 20%) and the effect was pronounced at higher level (20%). Application of Oxalic acid

had a slight effect on plant growth, antioxidant behavior and activity of antioxidant enzymes in plants irrigation with sea water compared

with that in stressed wheat plants. Application of algal extracts significantly increased the contents of total chlorophyll and antioxidant

phenomenon. In additional, application of Moringa stenopetala leaves extract exhibited strong positive correlation with increase in fresh

weight (FW), grain weight and yield components. It is concluded that productive purpose of wheat crop by mean of brackish water

(at 20 v/v level) is possible under a level of economical value through its application of Moringa stenopetala extracts.

Author|Dr. Hanaa H. Abd El Baky
Prof. of Plant Biochemistry
National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt